Circumcision is a short surgical procedure in which all or part of the skin covering the glans of the penis, the foreskin, is removed. In adults it is most often performed to treat phimosis, recurrent inflammation of the glans and foreskin, a short frenulum, or other conditions that cause pain, difficulty with hygiene, or discomfort during sexual intercourse.
The procedure can be performed safely under local anesthesia, without the need for general anesthesia. First, a local anesthetic is administered around the base of the penis to temporarily block sensation in the area. The patient remains awake and feels no pain during the procedure.
Once adequate anesthesia is achieved, the tight or diseased part of the foreskin is carefully removed. Bleeding is meticulously controlled and, when required, a frenuloplasty or frenulotomy may be performed. The skin is stitched around the circumference with fine absorbable sutures, which dissolve gradually and usually do not need to be removed. A light protective dressing is applied at the end.
The procedure usually takes about 30 – 45 minutes and the patient goes home the same day. Mild swelling, tenderness, or small bruises are expected during the first few days. Discomfort is usually managed with simple painkillers and careful local care.
A return to light daily activities is usually possible within a few days, depending on the type of work. It is recommended to avoid strenuous exercise, swimming, and sexual activity for about four to six weeks, until the wound has fully healed.
