Orchiopexy is a surgical procedure in which the testis is placed and secured within the scrotum. It is performed mainly to treat undescended testis (cryptorchidism) in children or as part of the emergency surgical management of testicular torsion.
In cryptorchidism, one or both testes have not descended normally into the scrotum and remain in the groin or, more rarely, inside the abdomen.
How the procedure is performed for orchiopexy
The procedure is performed under general anesthesia, usually through a small incision in the groin and a second small incision in the scrotum. The testis is located, carefully freed from the surrounding tissue, and brought down into the scrotum, where it is fixed in the correct position.
If the testis is inside the abdomen, a laparoscopic procedure may be needed. Early treatment of cryptorchidism promotes better development and function of the testis, makes future clinical follow-up easier, and reduces the risk of complications such as infertility, torsion, and the development of malignancy.
Emergency testicular torsion
Testicular torsion is an emergency in which the spermatic cord twists and the blood supply to the testis is cut off. It usually presents with sudden, severe pain and swelling of the scrotum. It requires immediate surgical exploration, as the chances of saving the testis decrease the longer restoration of blood flow is delayed.
During the procedure, the testis is untwisted and its viability is assessed. If it regains satisfactory blood supply, it is secured within the scrotum to prevent another torsion. The other testis is usually secured preventively as well, since it may have the same anatomical predisposition. If the testis has suffered irreversible damage, its removal may be required.
Μετά την ορχεοπηξία είναι αναμενόμενα ήπιος πόνος, πρήξιμο και μικρές εκχυμώσεις.
After orchiopexy, mild pain, swelling, and small bruises are expected. Return to daily activities is gradual, while strenuous exercise and sports are avoided until healing is complete.
